The most common definition for helical spring deflection (F) expressed in technical publications is:
"Motion of spring ends or arms under the application or removal of an external load (P)". In this definition, spring ends refer to compression springs and extension springs while arms refer to torsion springs.
Simply stated, deflection in compression and extension springs is the movement of the spring, either by applying force to it or removing force from it. In the case of torsion springs, deflection is the movement of the torsion arms (legs), again caused by applying or removing force (load).
Please contact the CSPI Spring facility nearest you for more information on the considerations of spring design.
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